The company has a group of cooperation teams engaged in the AM OLED Display industry for many years, with dedication, innovation spirit and service awareness, and has established a sound quality control and management system to ensure product quality.
Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) technology was invented by researchers at Eastman Kodak company in 1987. OLEDs are made from organic (carbon-based) semiconductor materials that emit light when they receive an electric current.
Ultra-thin layers of organic semiconductors are sandwiched between two charged electrodes, one positive, one negative. This OLED “sandwich” is placed on a substrate such as sheet of glass or other transparent material. “When current is applied to the electrodes, they emit positively and negatively charged holes and electrons. These combine in the middle layer of the sandwich to create a brief, high-energy state called ‘excitation’. As this layer returns to its original, stable, ‘non-excited’ state, the energy flows evenly through the organic film, causing it to emit light.”1
Structure of an OLED display, with the emissive diodes layered between two electrodes (cathode and anode). Movement of electrons between these layers creates energy that is emitted as light. (Image: Optics and Photonics News, Source)
OLEDs have caught on due to their many advantages, including brightness, vivid color range, and energy efficiency, which have made them an appealing technology for many commercial applications. OLED panels also offer display makers unique capabilities in terms of flexibility, shape, and transparency. Because they are self-emissive, OLEDs don’t require a backlight like LCD displays, which makes OLED panels thinner, lighter, and more flexible than prior display technologies.
Display applications for OLEDs include:
Clockwise from upper left: BOE’s curved “Smart Dashboard” automotive display, the Samsung Galaxy® Z Fold 3 foldable phone from Samsung, the popular Alienware® curved gaming monitor from Dell, LG Display’s rollable TV that rises from its box for viewing then rolls back down out of sight, a transparent OLED display from LG, and a Fitbit™ wearable device with OLED microdisplay. (Images © Samsung, © Dell Computers, © LG Display, and © Fitbit.)
With all these different applications and use cases, it’s not surprising that the OLED display market is expanding rapidly. In fact, it’s projected to almost double from US$38.4 trillion in 2021 to nearly $73 trillion in 2026 (a CAGR of 13.6%).2
An OLED-on-silicon microdisplay from Kopin, for use in mobile VR devices. (Image Source)
Research and development in academia and commercial firms continues to expand the capabilities of OLED technology and help it to find new applications today and in the future. Some recent OLED innovations include:
Prototype of Royale's ultrathin (0.01 mm) rollable OLED microdisplay. (Image Source)
As OLED products have moved beyond the research lab and into production, commercial viability of the technology depends on maintaining product performance and quality while also controlling manufacturing costs. To minimize waste and ensure high production yield, OLED display manufacturers rely on visual inspection systems to detect and correct defects.
High-performance imaging colorimeters such as Radiant’s ProMetric® I-series can accurately measure the luminance of individual pixels and subpixels in an emissive display and enable manufacturers to evaluate overall display uniformity. Radiant also provides a complete solution for correcting display uniformity—a process called demura (removing “mura” or blemishes).
The Radiant demura solution employs three distinct steps:
When our demura correction process is applied to a finished OLED or microLED display, there is a significant improvement in visual quality of the display. The net effect of demura is that displays that would have failed quality inspection without electronic compensation will now be able to pass, thereby reducing waste in manufacturing, improving cost efficiency, and increasing production yield.
Measurement images of a blue test screen on an OLED display, before and after demura correction (shown in a false-color scale in Radiant TrueTest™ Software to illustrate luminance levels).
To learn more about automated visual quality inspection and correction of OLED displays, read the whitepaper “How to Use Imaging Colorimeters to Correct OLED, MicroLED, and Other Emissive Displays for Improved Production Efficiency and Yields,” or watch the webinar, "OLED Pixel Measurement and Correction."
The next breakthrough OLED product could be Samsung’s newly announced OLED quantum dot television, which could be released as soon as 2022. There have been so-called “QLED” TVs on the market for several years, but these are made with a quantum dot (QD) layer over a traditional LCD display.
Samsung’s new “QD Display” television will likely be the first commercial product to combine OLEDs and quantum dots. It will not use direct-view QD technology but will be a QD/OLED hybrid, according to early reports.4 QD maker Nanosys suggests that it could use a bright layer of blue OLEDs with a QD filter layer to convert some pixels to red and blue. But we’ll have to wait to hear from Samsung to confirm the details. Stay tuned…
CITATIONS
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