NPK compound fertilizer has long effect and should be used as base fertilizer. The compound fertilizer processed and granulated by NPK compound fertilizer production line decomposes slowly than powdered fertilizer, is not easy to lose and volatilize, and has a long duration of fertilizer effect. It is suitable to be used as base fertilizer. Generally, 30-40 kg compound fertilizer is used per mu. Compound fertilizer is not suitable for topdressing at seedling stage and middle and late stage to avoid late crop maturity.
NPK compound fertilizer decomposes slowly and should be used in conjunction with simple nitrogen fertilizer. The crop seedling stage needs a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, when sowing or transplanting a crop with late-effect compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, it should be timely supplemented with quick-effect simple nitrogen fertilizer according to the law of fertilizer requirement of different crops. Usually, urea was applied 5 kg-8 kg/mu at seedling stage.
The concentration of NPK compound fertilizer varies greatly, so the appropriate concentration should be chosen. Most compound fertilizers are formulated according to the average nutrient status of soil types and the proportion of basic crop fertilizer requirements in a region. There are a series of compound fertilizers of high, middle and low concentration on the market. Generally, the total nutrient of low concentration is between 25% and 30%, the total nutrient of medium concentration is between 30% and 40%, and the total nutrient of high concentration is above 40%. NPK compound fertilizer should be selected according to different regions, soils and crops. Soil test before fertilizer plant production, combined with the law of crop fertilizer requirement, adding appropriate ingredients before compound production and granulation, can produce economic and efficient compound fertilizer and improve fertilizer utilization rate.
The concentration of NPK compound fertilizer is high, so it is necessary to avoid direct contact between seeds and seedlings or mixing of fertilizers and seedlings. The nutrient content of compound fertilizer is high. If it contacts directly with the root system of seeds or seedlings, it will affect seed germination and even burn buds and rot roots. When planting or transplanting NPK compound fertilizer, the root system of seeds and seedlings should be about 5-10cm apart from fertilizer when applying it in hole or strip.
Fertilizers are substances that can be in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state and contain one or more plant nutrients. They can be applied to the soil, or directly on the plant to maintain or increase fertility to produce crops with good quality. They supplement naturally available nutrients in the soil and also provide additional nutrients that are required for specific types of crops.
A distinct advantage of compounded NPK fertilizers is that they can be formulated based on the type of crop and soil. The fact that they are compounded enables them to be less soluble in groundwater. This makes them suitable for dry soil matrices and areas prone to droughts. NPK is typically used for sugar beets, sunflower, and buckwheat during the autumn and for corn, wheat, barley, and vegetable crops during spring. Fertilizer products can be used in various physical and chemical forms. Based on its state, each form has its own advantages and limitations.
The following chart shows world consumption of NPK compound fertilizers:
Mainland China has become the world’s largest producer and consumer of NPK compound fertilizers. Over 3,000 companies produce NPK compound fertilizers in mainland China, with a total capacity of about 173.5 million metric tons in 2021. Most of the consumption growth will be in Africa (albeit from a small base), the CIS and Baltic States, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia/Oceania.
The products covered in this report are the following:
NPK fertilizers typically contain at least 3% N plus 5% P2O5 plus 5% K2O and at least 20% total nutrients. Nutrient ratios are provided for NPK fertilizers, such as 1:1:1. If there are additional numbers, it would refer to magnesium and then sulfur. Since each granule of these fertilizers contains the same proportion of nutrients, application to the soil can be simple.
NP fertilizers have a minimum of 3% N and 5% P2O5 and at least 18% of total nutrients. These products are applied where the soil is already rich in potassium content or where potash can be applied as a standalone fertilizer.
NitroP fertilizers are made by reacting nitric acid with phosphate compounds. As it does not use sulfuric acid, there is no unwanted gypsum waste.
Compound fertilizers contain two or more nutrients and are also known as multinutrient fertilizers. A complex fertilizer refers to a compound fertilizer formed by combining ingredients to react chemically. Compound fertilizers can also be produced by blending two or more granular fertilizers of similar size. Such products retain the physical and chemical characteristics of individual compounds. They are made by mixing basic fertilizers derived from ammonia with salts containing phosphorus or potassium.
Demand for fertilizers is driven by the need for food, which in turn is driven by the size and wealth of the population. The global population has doubled from about 3 billion in the early 1960s to around 6 billion by the turn of this century. Between now and 2050, the population is expected to increase by another 3 billion, equivalent to the current combined population of mainland China and South Asia. Feeding a population of 9 billion people in 2050 will involve a combination of several developments, including relying on increased plant nutrition, new technologies, and the cultivation of more marginal land. Food production has increased substantially over the past several decades, in part because of increasing yields as a result of fertilizer application.
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